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Related Experiment Videos

[Kala-azar originating in Ischia].

H H Hennemann1, P Pfiester

  • 1III. Medizinische Klinik, Universität Heidelberg.

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|October 2, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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This case study details a patient with Kala-Azar (Leishmania donovani infection) who experienced symptoms mimicking multiple myeloma. Successful treatment with sodium stibogluconate resolved the parasitic infection and associated hematological abnormalities.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Kala-azar, caused by Leishmania donovani, is a severe parasitic disease.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions.
  • Understanding the hematological manifestations is crucial for effective management.

Observation:

  • A 53-year-old man presented with nocturnal sweating, fever, malaise, and hepatosplenomegaly post-travel.
  • Bone marrow and liver biopsies confirmed Leishmania donovani infection.
  • Key findings included plasma cell hyperplasia, lymphoplasmocytoid wash-out, and polyclonal IgG hypergammaglobulinemia.

Findings:

  • Initial treatment with pentamidine was ineffective.
  • Two courses of sodium stibogluconate led to disease regression.

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  • Persistent hypergammaglobulinemia and hyperproteinemia resolved slowly.

    • Implications:

    • Plasma cell hyperplasia and hypergammaglobulinemia in Kala-azar can mimic multiple myeloma.
    • These hematological changes are attributed to the chronic parasitic infection stimulating antibody production.
    • Storage-cell hyperplasia may contribute to leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in visceral leishmaniasis.