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Neutropenia in Preterm Infants
1Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Background:
The non-specific and antigen-specific components of host defense mechanisms are subject to the adaptation process in the neonate; however, the neutrophil quantitative and qualitative deficiency is one of the most significant causative factors of neonatal-increased vulnerability to infection.
Objective:
To review the incidence and outcome of neutropenia of unknown cause in preterm infants.
Results:
The incidence of early and late-onset idiopathic neutropenia of prematurity is significant.
Conclusion:
The low neutrophil counts respond quickly to G-CSF treatment; however, due to the low probability of septic complications, particularly in the late-onset neutropenia, a deep diagnostic approach and the potential hematopoietic growth factor treatment should be limited to the severe cases, such as a neutrophil count <500/μL, lasting for more than 2 days.
