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Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Systems Analysis of the Neuroinflammatory and Hemodynamic Response to Traumatic Brain Injury
07:21

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Immune modulation after traumatic brain injury.

Marwan Bouras1,2, Karim Asehnoune1,2, Antoine Roquilly1,2

  • 1Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France.

Frontiers in Medicine
|December 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) triggers immediate brain inflammation, leading to immunosuppression that increases infection risk. Immune modulation therapies may restore balance between the nervous system and immunity after TBI.

Keywords:
immunomodulatory therapyimmunosuppressioninflammationinnate immunitytraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Immunology
  • Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates rapid innate immune activation within the brain.
  • This is followed by a systemic inflammatory response involving the autonomic nervous system, hormonal systems, and immune cell regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunological consequences of TBI.
  • To highlight novel therapeutic strategies for immune modulation post-TBI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of TBI-induced immunological changes.
  • Analysis of physiological responses involving nervous and hormonal systems.
  • Exploration of immune cell regulation pathways.

Main Results:

  • TBI leads to an initial inflammatory cascade.
  • A subsequent physiological response induces immunosuppression and tolerance.
  • This state increases susceptibility to secondary infections.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding TBI's immunological impact is crucial.
  • Immune modulation presents a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Restoring neuro-immune homeostasis is key for recovery.