Gut microbiota in ischemic stroke: Where we stand and challenges ahead

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Neurology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• The gut microbiota's role in systemic health and disease is a rapidly evolving field.
• Emerging evidence suggests a connection between gut dysbiosis and neurological disorders like ischemic stroke (IS).
• Understanding the mechanisms linking gut bacteria to IS pathogenesis is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the current literature on the gut microbiota's influence on ischemic stroke (IS).
• To explore the association between gut microbiota, their metabolites, and the pathological processes of IS.
• To highlight the potential of gut microbiota-targeted interventions for IS management.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Analysis of studies investigating gut microbiota composition and function in relation to IS.
• Examination of research on microbial metabolites and their impact on IS-related pathways.

Main Results:

• Gut microbiota composition is linked to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
• Microbial metabolites play a role in IS through mechanisms like oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation.
• Specific microbial profiles are associated with increased IS risk and severity.

Conclusions:

• The gut microbiota is a significant factor in ischemic stroke development and progression.
• Targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites offers a promising avenue for novel IS therapeutic interventions.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate specific microbial targets and optimize gut-directed therapies for IS.