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Multicolor Fluorescence Detection for Droplet Microfluidics Using Optical Fibers
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Trace Explosive Detection Based on Photonic Crystal Amplified Fluorescence.

Xiaodong Chen1, Xiujuan Zhang1, Hui Wang1

  • 1Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion & Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|December 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Novel photonic crystal (PC) sensor chips enhance fluorescence signals for highly sensitive detection of trace 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosives. This breakthrough offers improved security and environmental monitoring capabilities.

Keywords:
Förster resonance energy transfercolloidal assemblyexplosive detectionphotonic bandgapphotonic crystals

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Increasing demand for public security and environmental protection necessitates sensitive detection methods for trace explosives like 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT).
  • Existing detection methods may lack the required sensitivity, resolution, or stability for real-world applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel photonic crystal (PC)-based sensor chips for highly sensitive and reliable trace TNT detection.
  • To leverage the signal amplification properties of PCs to improve fluorescence-based sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of sensor chips by integrating silica nanoparticles (NPs) modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer (FITC) onto PC substrates.
  • Utilizing the specific binding of amino groups on FITC-APTES-silica NPs with TNT to form Meisenheimer complexes, leading to fluorescence quenching via Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET).
  • Exploiting the photonic band gap (PBG) of PCs to amplify the fluorescence (FL) signals of the sensor NPs.

Main Results:

  • The PC-based sensor chips demonstrated a significant amplification of FITC-APTES-silica NP fluorescence signals by approximately 24.4-fold.
  • Achieved a highly sensitive limit of detection (LOD) for TNT at 0.23 nM.
  • The sensor chips exhibited stability, high sensitivity, and reliability in TNT detection.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PC-based sensor chips represent a stable, sensitive, and reliable platform for trace TNT detection.
  • These sensors show significant potential for applications in homeland security and environmental protection.
  • The synergistic effect of PC-based signal amplification and FRET-based quenching offers a powerful approach for trace explosive detection.