Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structuralism01:26

Structuralism

762
Structuralism, an early psychological theory developed by Wilhelm Wundt and his student Edward Bradford Titchener, sought to dissect the human mind into its most fundamental components. Wundt's groundbreaking work in his laboratory set the stage for Titchener to define structuralism's goal as cataloging the "atoms" of the mind—sensations, images, and feelings—akin to how chemists identify elements of matter.
Titchener's approach to structuralism was unique. He...
762
Gestalt Psychology01:14

Gestalt Psychology

640
Gestalt psychology, founded by Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler, emphasizes the importance of understanding perception as an organized whole. Developed as a counter to Wilhelm Wundt's structuralism, this approach posits that our perceptions are more than just the sum of sensory parts; they are comprehensive wholes where the relationships between parts define the perception. The principle "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" encapsulates this view,...
640
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

382
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
382
Structure of Self01:29

Structure of Self

482
Sigmund Freud's model of the human psyche is often illustrated using an iceberg analogy. The iceberg's visible tip represents the conscious mind, which includes thoughts and perceptions that individuals are immediately aware of. However, the larger, submerged portion of the iceberg represents the unconscious mind, a reservoir of repressed desires, instincts, and memories. According to Freud, human behavior is primarily shaped by this hidden realm.
Components of the Mind: Id, Ego, and...
482
Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory01:29

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

928
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory revolutionized psychology by introducing the idea that unconscious forces significantly shape human behavior. According to Freud, every psychological event is driven by deep-seated internal forces, often formed during early childhood. His theory, built on the premises of psychic determinism, symbolic meaning, and unconscious motivation, offers a unique perspective on the complexities of human behavior.
Freud's concept of psychic determinism asserts...
928
Freudian Psychology01:26

Freudian Psychology

787
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist born in 1856, significantly influenced psychology through his exploration of the unconscious mind. His interest in patients suffering from hysteria and neurosis — conditions without apparent physical causes — led him to theorize the existence of an unconscious mind, a repository for feelings and urges beyond our awareness. Freud's innovative approach included techniques such as dream analysis, free association, and attention to slips of the...
787

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Letter from Oslo.

The International journal of psycho-analysis·2026
Same journal

Marion Milner's foundational influence on Bion's conception of reverie and Winnicott's conception of play.

The International journal of psycho-analysis·2026
Same journal

How to train psychoanalysts in our time? Exploring controversies around teleanalysis.

The International journal of psycho-analysis·2026
Same journal

Gaza: another psychoanalytic perspective. Reflection on the work of Shmuel Erlich.

The International journal of psycho-analysis·2026
Same journal

Introduction: Questions about internal, external and shared frames, types of loss, methods for scientific dialogue, and the sources of power and authority.

The International journal of psycho-analysis·2026
Same journal

Freud, Sebald and the head of Medusa: The unconscious sense of guilt.

The International journal of psycho-analysis·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment
07:20

Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment

Published on: March 8, 2019

13.6K

"Constitutive-intervention"- structuring primal psycho-physical space.

Tami Pollak1

  • 1Private clinic, Tel Aviv, Israel.

The International Journal of Psycho-Analysis
|December 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces constitutive interventions for patients with autistic defenses or trauma. These interventions use the therapist's body and environment to foster pre-symbolic communication and psychophysical development.

Keywords:
Constitutive interventionautismpre-symbolic communicationpsychophysical structure

More Related Videos

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
11:54

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

Published on: May 8, 2021

4.6K
Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency
08:01

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

Published on: October 28, 2020

5.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment
07:20

Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment

Published on: March 8, 2019

13.6K
Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
11:54

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

Published on: May 8, 2021

4.6K
Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency
08:01

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency

Published on: October 28, 2020

5.7K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychotherapy
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Focuses on therapeutic communication challenges in patients with non-symbolic autistic defenses or trauma.
  • Addresses developmental deficiencies and communication issues rooted in primal psychophysical space.
  • Introduces the 'body-container' concept as a proto-scheme for organizing psychophysical space and intersubjectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel therapeutic intervention for patients with profound developmental and communication deficits.
  • To explore how therapists can interpret non-representational patient actions as 'presence-in-action'.
  • To detail 'constitutive interventions' that support pre-symbolic realization and psychophysical integration.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical exploration of constitutive interventions within a psychodynamic framework.
  • Utilizes clinical vignettes to illustrate the application of these interventions.
  • Emphasizes the therapist's intuitive creativity and use of concrete, embodied gestures.

Main Results:

  • Patients' non-communicative actions can be understood as invitations for therapist engagement.
  • Constitutive interventions facilitate the emergence of pre-symbolic communication.
  • Therapist's embodied actions can help organize the patient's psychophysical space.

Conclusions:

  • Constitutive interventions offer a unique approach for patients with severe non-symbolic defenses and trauma.
  • This method supports the development of pre-symbolic realization and intersubjectivity.
  • Embodied therapeutic presence is key to facilitating psychophysical integration in challenging clinical presentations.