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Human Amniotic Allograft in Hand Surgery.

David C McClendon1, Jacob Su1, Dean W Smith2

  • 1University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|December 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Human amniotic membrane cells offer therapeutic potential by promoting healing and reducing inflammation. Further research is needed to explore their use in hand and wrist conditions.

Keywords:
Allograftamnionarthritisinflammationorthobiologic

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Amnion epithelial and mesenchymal cells possess regulatory mediators that promote cell growth, differentiation, and epithelialization.
  • These cells also inhibit fibrosis, immune rejection, inflammation, and bacterial invasion.
  • Amniotic membrane-based products are FDA-approved (Sections 361 or 351) as human cells, tissues, and cellular- and tissue-based products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on the therapeutic applications of human amniotic membranes.
  • To identify the potential of amniotic allografts in treating hand and wrist pathologies.
  • To highlight the need for further investigation into their effectiveness in upper extremity conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies on human amniotic membrane applications.
  • Analysis of existing evidence on amniotic allografts in animal models.
  • Identification of research gaps concerning upper extremity applications.

Main Results:

  • Human amniotic membranes have demonstrated efficacy in nerve repair, tendon injury, joint/cartilage damage, and wound management.
  • Some evidence exists for amniotic allografts in animal models, but human data is limited.
  • There is a significant lack of literature on their use in hand and wrist pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Human amniotic membranes exhibit promising therapeutic properties for various medical conditions.
  • Current evidence is insufficient to establish the effectiveness of amniotic allografts for hand and wrist pathologies.
  • Further clinical investigation is warranted to determine the therapeutic value of amniotic membranes in the upper extremity.