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Related Concept Videos

Filtration00:53

Filtration

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Filtration is a physical separation process that involves passing a suspension through a porous medium to separate solids from fluids. During filtration, solids collect on the porous medium while liquids, also collectively known as the filtrate, pass through. The filtration medium is selected based on the filtration purpose, quantity, and nature of the precipitate. The general criteria for a suitable filtering medium are that it is inert, mechanically strong, nonabsorbent toward dissolved...
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Dialysis01:15

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Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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The function of the kidneys is to filter, reabsorb, secrete, and excrete. Every day the kidneys filter nearly 180 liters of blood, initially removing water and solutes but ultimately returning nearly all filtrates into circulation with the help of osmoregulatory hormones. This process removes wastes and toxins but is also crucial to maintain water and electrolyte levels. Most of these functions are performed by the tiny but numerous nephrons contained within the kidneys.
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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins01:18

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Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while solubilizing the membrane proteins. When detergent monomers reach a specific concentration in a solution called critical micelle concentration (CMC), they form micelles. Above CMC, the concentration of the detergent monomers remains in equilibrium with the micelle. The number of detergent monomers present in the CMC varies for each detergent, and...
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Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification
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Porous Materials for Water Purification.

Yanpei Song1, Joshua Phipps1, Changjia Zhu1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1508 W Mulberry St, Denton, TX 76201, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
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PubMed
Summary

Advanced porous materials (APMs) offer superior contaminant removal for water purification compared to traditional methods. This review highlights APMs

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Covalent Organic FrameworksMetal-Organic FrameworksPorous Organic PolymersTask-Specific DesignWater Purification

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Water pollution poses a significant threat due to widespread contaminants.
  • Conventional remediation methods have limitations in efficiency and selectivity.
  • Advanced porous materials (APMs) are emerging as promising solutions for water purification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and application of APMs in water treatment.
  • To assess the adsorption performance of APMs for various contaminants.
  • To discuss future prospects of APMs in water purification.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of APMs in water treatment.
  • Analysis of adsorption capacity and selectivity data.
  • Evaluation of APMs' performance against water quality standards.

Main Results:

  • APMs demonstrate enhanced uptake capacity and selectivity for contaminants.
  • High surface area and versatile functionality make APMs ideal adsorbents.
  • APMs show potential to meet stringent water quality standards.

Conclusions:

  • APMs represent a significant advancement in water purification technology.
  • Further research into APM design and application is warranted.
  • APMs offer promising opportunities for sustainable water treatment.