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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

High-Resolution Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Small Animals
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EFOMP's protocol quality controls in PET/CT and PET/MR.

Roberta Matheoud1, Ronald Boellaard2, Lucy Pike3

  • 1Medical Physics Department, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy.

Physica Medica : PM : an International Journal Devoted to the Applications of Physics to Medicine and Biology : Official Journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
|December 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This article introduces a new quality control (QC) protocol for Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) and PET/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET/MRI) systems. Regular QC ensures optimal system performance, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and patient safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiology
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • The European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics (EFOMP) published a protocol for Quality Controls (QC) in PET/CT and PET/MRI in May 2022.
  • Existing quality control methods needed standardization for clinical integration to ensure consistent performance of PET/CT and PET/MRI systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide simple, practical procedures for integrating into clinical practice to monitor PET/CT and PET/MRI system performance.
  • To establish a protocol that identifies changes in system performance and prevents quality deterioration.
  • To ensure safety, image quality, quantification accuracy, and minimize patient radiation dose.

Main Methods:

  • The protocol details QC procedures for radionuclide calibrators, weighing scales, and PET, CT, and MRI subsystems.
  • It focuses on measurable parameters directly linked to clinical image quality.
  • CT and MRI QC are specifically contextualized for their role in PET imaging (attenuation correction, anatomical localization).

Main Results:

  • The protocol offers detailed, step-by-step instructions to minimize misinterpretation and interpersonal variations.
  • It enables early detection of potential issues affecting clinical studies.
  • Implementation of the protocol ensures PET/CT and PET/MRI systems operate optimally.

Conclusions:

  • Regular QC adherence to this protocol guarantees optimal performance of PET/CT and PET/MRI systems.
  • This leads to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient safety in clinical practice.
  • The protocol facilitates consistent and reliable imaging outcomes.