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Recognizing non-native spoken words in background noise increases interference from the native language.

Florian Hintz1, Cesko C Voeten2, Odette Scharenborg3

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, 6500 AH, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. florian.hintz@mpi.nl.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Background noise increases language interference during spoken word recognition. This study shows that noise amplifies competition in both non-native and native languages, hindering comprehension for non-native listeners.

Keywords:
Bilingual processingEye-trackingOnset competition

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Second Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Spoken word recognition is robust in noise, but noise degrades intelligibility and word recognition, particularly for non-native listeners.
  • Lexical competition, the activation of multiple word candidates, is a key process in spoken word recognition.
  • Understanding how noise affects lexical competition across native and non-native languages is crucial for explaining non-native listening challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of background noise on lexical competition in both the non-native (English) and native (Dutch) languages of bilingual listeners.
  • To determine if noise enhances or reduces co-activation between languages during non-native spoken word recognition.
  • To examine the role of phonological overlap in driving lexical competition under noisy conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Eye movements of native Dutch participants were recorded while they listened to English sentences and viewed visual displays.
  • Displays contained target words, English competitors, Dutch competitors (sharing phonological onsets), and distractors.
  • Sentences were presented in either quiet or speech-shaped noise to manipulate auditory conditions.

Main Results:

  • Noise delayed target word identification compared to quiet conditions.
  • In noise, participants showed increased fixation biases towards both English and Dutch competitors when the target word was absent.
  • These findings indicate heightened lexical competition in both languages under noisy conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Background noise intensifies lexical competition in the non-native language (English) during spoken word recognition.
  • Noise also increases interference from the native language (Dutch), suggesting stronger native language co-activation under adverse listening conditions.
  • This enhanced native language interference contributes to difficulties in non-native spoken word recognition in noisy environments.