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Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Defining the Program of Maternal mRNA Translation during In vitro Maturation using a Single Oocyte Reporter Assay
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Transient Polycomb activity represses developmental genes in growing oocytes.

Ellen G Jarred1,2, Zhipeng Qu3, Tesha Tsai1,2

  • 1Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.

Clinical Epigenetics
|December 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) represses many developmental genes in oocytes, a function conserved in mice and humans. Loss of PRC2 in oocytes leads to de-repression of these genes, impacting offspring development.

Keywords:
EpigeneticH3K27me3InheritanceOocytePolycombProgramming

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Germline epigenetic programming influences non-genetic inheritance and offspring phenotype.
  • Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) loss in oocytes causes developmental issues in offspring.
  • The role of PRC2 in non-imprinted gene regulation during oocyte growth and its conservation in humans is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PRC2 in regulating non-imprinted genes during oocyte growth.
  • To determine if PRC2's function in oocytes is conserved between mice and humans.

Main Methods:

  • Studied PRC2 expression during mouse oocyte growth.
  • Deleted Eed (a PRC2 component) in a specific window of oocyte growth.
  • Analyzed gene expression and H3K27me3 marks in mouse and human oocytes.

Main Results:

  • Identified a period of PRC2 expression in growing mouse oocytes.
  • Deletion of Eed led to de-repression of 343 genes, many being developmental regulators and not imprinted.
  • Found conserved H3K27me3 enrichment on these genes in human oocytes, indicating conserved PRC2 function.
  • Observed loss of H3K27me3 and gene de-repression during pre-implantation development, suggesting transient repression by H3K27me3 in oocytes.

Conclusions:

  • EED has distinct spatial and temporal functions in the female germline, repressing numerous developmental genes.
  • This PRC2-mediated gene repression is conserved in both mouse and human germlines.