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Changes in left ventricular geometry during spontaneous breathing.

S S Cassidy¹, W B Wead, G B Seibert

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas 75235.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

|August 1, 1987

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Spontaneous inspiration alters left ventricle (LV) dimensions at end diastole, causing unexpected shape changes. This leads to a reduction in LV end-diastolic volume, suggesting non-uniform epicardial forces during breathing.

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Understanding respiratory influences on cardiac mechanics is crucial for cardiovascular health.
The left ventricle's (LV) dynamic response to respiratory phases requires detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of spontaneous inspiration on left ventricular (LV) size and shape in anesthetized dogs.
To quantify dimensional changes in the LV during end diastole in response to breathing.

Main Methods:

Implantation of markers in the LV to define three perpendicular axes.
Utilizing biplane cinefluoroscopy at 60 Hz to record marker motion.
Calculating changes in LV dimensions and end-diastolic volume (LVEDV).

Main Results:

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Inspiration caused significant LV dimensional changes at end diastole.
A narrowing of the septal-lateral dimension (2.46 mm) and apex-base dimension (0.74 mm) was observed.
The anteroposterior dimension widened (1.07 mm), implying a shape change and a 3.5 cm³ reduction in LVEDV.

Conclusions:

Spontaneous inspiration induces complex, non-uniform dimensional alterations in the LV.
The observed LV shape change suggests differential forces on the epicardial surface.
Breathing significantly impacts LV end-diastolic volume and geometry.