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Epidemiology of pediatric acute mastoiditis in Israel: A National Registry 10-year perspective

Orit Samuel1,2,3,4, Walid Saliba2,5, Nili Stein5

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Carmel Medical Center Haifa Israel.

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|December 22, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Acute mastoiditis is more common in Israeli children, especially those under two years old. Factors like Jewish descent, high socioeconomic status, and winter season are linked to higher incidence, with parental smoking being a concern.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Previous studies suggested a higher incidence of acute mastoiditis in Israeli pediatric patients compared to other Western countries.
  • This study aimed to investigate the incidence and epidemiological features of acute mastoiditis in Israeli children over a decade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of acute mastoiditis in Israeli children under 18 years.
  • To identify epidemiological factors associated with acute mastoiditis in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from Clalit Healthcare Services from 2008 to 2018.
  • Patients under 18 years diagnosed with acute mastoiditis were identified and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of acute mastoiditis was 7.78 per 100,000 children-years, significantly higher in children under 2 years (38.31 per 100,000).
  • Higher incidence was observed in children of Jewish descent (10.4 vs. 3.03 per 100,000), those of high socioeconomic status, and during winter.
  • Household parental smoking prevalence was 52%.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of acute mastoiditis in Israel is higher than reported elsewhere.
  • Age, Jewish descent, high socioeconomic status, seasonality, and household smoking are significant epidemiological factors.
  • Findings emphasize the need to reduce young children's exposure to household smoking.
Abstract

Keywords:
acute mastoiditisacute otitis mediaepidemiologyparental smoking

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