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Cardiovascular outcomes in patients treated with sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors, a network

Dániel Tornyos1, Maximilian Meuer1, Réka Lukács1

  • 1Heart Institute, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|December 22, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, known as gliflozins, significantly reduce heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular death in patients with type II diabetes. These drugs also lower the risk of major adverse cardiac events, offering broad cardiovascular benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Gliflozins, which target the sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) in the nephron, are a promising therapeutic option for type II diabetes mellitus.
  • Beyond glycemic control, gliflozins offer cardiovascular and renal protective benefits, although trial results in patients with cardiac dysfunction are varied.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted up to September 2022.
  • A network meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals.
  • Primary endpoints included heart failure-related hospitalization (HHF) and the composite of HHF with cardiovascular mortality (HHF + CVD).

Key Points:

  • Twenty-nine studies involving 88,418 patients were analyzed.
  • Gliflozins demonstrated a significant reduction in HHF (RR: 0.72) and HHF + CVD (RR: 0.78).
  • Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) risk decreased, excluding stroke; sotagliflozin showed superior efficacy in certain cardiovascular outcomes compared to other gliflozins.

Conclusions:

  • This meta-analysis confirms a class effect of gliflozins in reducing heart failure risk across diverse patient populations.
  • SGLT2 inhibition not only improves heart failure outcomes but also reduces the incidence of major adverse events.
Keywords:
cardiovascular eventheart failuremajor adverse cardiac events (MACE)mortalitynetwork meta-analysissodium glucose co-transport-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors

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