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Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The environment significantly influences system behavior, impacting processes from self-assembly to evolution.
  • Polymorphism, the ability to form different structures from the same components, is crucial for evolutionary adaptation.
  • Environmental pressures can drive distinct structural organizations in dynamic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how a single dynamic molecular network can produce distinct polymorphs.
  • To explore the role of solvent environment in directing structural outcomes.
  • To demonstrate polymorphism as a mechanism for evolutionary adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a small dynamic molecular network combining covalent and non-covalent bonds.
  • Varied the solvent environment to observe changes in emergent structures.
  • Characterized the resulting polymorphs: vesicular aggregates, self-replicating fibers, and nanoribbons.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct polymorphs (vesicular aggregates, self-replicating fibers, nanoribbons) were generated from the same molecular network.
  • The specific solvent environment dictated which polymorph emerged.
  • Transient co-existence of vesicles and fibers was observed under specific conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic molecular networks exhibit environmental-dependent polymorphism.
  • This polymorphism enables adaptation by allowing systems to adopt different structures in response to environmental cues.
  • The findings highlight the significance of polymorphism in the context of self-assembly and evolution.