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Related Concept Videos

Targets for Drug Action: Overview01:26

Targets for Drug Action: Overview

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Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
Receptors are either membrane-spanning or intracellular proteins, which upon binding a ligand, get activated and transmit the signal downstream to elicit a response. Drugs bind receptors, either mimicking the action of endogenous ligands or blocking the receptor activity to bring about a modified response. Nearly 35% of approved drugs target the G...
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Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

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Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

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Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
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Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Cancer Risk in Acromegaly: Reassessing the Evidence and Impact of Biochemical Control.

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Impact of acromegaly subtypes on survival: results from a large multicenter cohort.

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Consensus on acromegaly complications: an update.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B
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Molecular targets in acromegaly.

Artak Labadzhyan1, Shlomo Melmed1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|December 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Growth hormone (GH)-secreting adenomas have molecular targets for therapy. Understanding these targets improves treatment for acromegaly patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Growth hormone (GH)-secreting adenomas are tumors causing acromegaly.
  • Current therapies target somatostatin, GH, or dopamine receptors.
  • Treatment efficacy varies based on disease aggressiveness and tumor factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review molecular targets for GH-secreting adenomas.
  • To explore potential new drug development candidates.
  • To enhance personalized treatment approaches for acromegaly.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular targets in GH-secreting adenomas.
  • Analysis of current therapeutic strategies and their limitations.
  • Examination of molecular markers predicting treatment response.
Keywords:
cyclin-dependent kinaseepidermal growth factor receptorgranulationsomatostatin receptortyrosine kinase inhibitor

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Main Results:

  • Approved therapies target somatostatin, GH, and dopamine receptors.
  • Tumor factors like receptor subtype expression and proliferation markers influence treatment response.
  • Novel molecular targets are being investigated for drug development.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding molecular mechanisms in GH-secreting adenomas is crucial.
  • Personalized medicine approaches can improve acromegaly treatment outcomes.
  • Further research into molecular targets promises expanded therapeutic options.