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Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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Olfactory Dysfunction Associated with Cognitive Decline in an Elderly Population.

Majed Alotaibi1,2,3, Melissa Lessard-Beaudoin3,4, Kate Busch3

  • 1King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Experimental Aging Research
|December 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory dysfunction is common in seniors and linked to cognitive decline. Early detection of smell deficits may predict future cognitive impairment, emphasizing the need for olfactory training.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is an early indicator in neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
  • Assessing olfactory function in the elderly is crucial for understanding cognitive aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate olfactory memory deficits in seniors.
  • To determine the correlation between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment in the aging population.

Main Methods:

  • Seniors from the NuAge cohort participated in the Olfactory Response Cognition and Aging (ORCA) study.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the t-Mini Mental Statement Examination and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status tests.

Main Results:

  • 94% of the ORCA cohort exhibited olfactory dysfunction.
  • Deficits in olfactory memory were identified.
  • A significant correlation was found between olfactory function and cognitive test scores, particularly in women who smoke.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory dysfunction may serve as a predictor of impending cognitive decline in seniors.
  • Olfactory training could potentially improve olfaction and enhance overall well-being in the aging population.