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Conjoined and non-conjoined coordination cages with palladium(II) vertices: structural diversity, solution dynamics,
Shruti Sharma1, Moumita Sarkar1, Dillip Kumar Chand1
1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India. dillip@iitm.ac.in.
Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|December 22, 2022
Summary
This review covers self-assembled coordination complexes using palladium(II) and various ligands. It explores metallomacrocycles, metallocages, and their conjoined structures, highlighting recent trends in low-symmetry and multi-cavity systems.
Area of Science:
- Coordination Chemistry
- Supramolecular Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Self-assembled coordination complexes offer intricate molecular architectures.
- Palladium(II) components with diverse ligands are key building blocks.
- Understanding complex structures is crucial for advanced materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review self-assembled coordination complexes based on Pd(II) and various ligands.
- To analyze the structural diversity, including metallomacrocycles and metallocages.
- To discuss recent trends like low-symmetry and multi-cavity systems, isomerism, and dynamic behavior.
Main Methods:
- Structural analysis of self-assembled coordination complexes.
- Classification of structures into metallomacrocycles and metallocages.
- Review of literature on ligand types, symmetry, and structural diversity.
Main Results:
- Identified metallomacrocycles and conjoined metallomacrocycles/metallocages as fundamental structural units.
- Observed that metallomacrocycles can form planar or non-planar systems.
- Highlighted the formation of multi-cavity cage systems through cage conjoining, with up to four cages known.
- Noted the recent trend towards low-symmetry cages and the inclusion of helicity and supramolecular isomerism.
Conclusions:
- Self-assembled coordination complexes exhibit remarkable structural diversity, from simple macrocycles to complex multi-cavity cages.
- Low-symmetry ligands and mixed ligand systems are driving innovation in cage design.
- Dynamic behaviors, such as ligand exchange reactions and intermolecular interactions, are critical for understanding reactivity and applications in crystal engineering and materials chemistry.
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