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Acetaminophen degradation in aqueous solution by the UV-LED-EC/Cl₂ process.

Na Sun¹, Xianglian Wang², Zhanmeng Liu^1,2

¹Planning and Design Research Institute, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.

Environmental Technology

|December 22, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a novel UV-LED activated electrochemical process for degrading acetaminophen (AAP). The hybrid system effectively removes AAP and reduces toxicity, offering an energy-efficient alternative to conventional methods.

Keywords:

UV-LED acetaminophen acute toxicity degradation pathway mineralization

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Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Water Treatment Technologies
Photocatalysis

Background:

Acetaminophen (AAP) is a common pharmaceutical pollutant in water.
Conventional treatment methods for AAP can be energy-intensive or incomplete.
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) show promise for pollutant degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the degradation of acetaminophen using electrochemically generated chlorine activated by UV-LED irradiation.
To evaluate the efficiency and kinetics of the hybrid process.
To assess the mineralization, energy consumption, and ecotoxicity of the treated water.

Main Methods:

Batch degradation experiments using a UV-LED (275 nm) and an electrochemical cell with a RuO2-IrO2/Ti anode.
Systematic variation of experimental parameters including NaCl concentration, buffer concentration, pH, and irradiation time.
Analysis of AAP degradation, mineralization, kinetics, Electric Energy per Order (EEO), and acute toxicity using luminescent bacteria.

Main Results:

Complete degradation of 2 μM acetaminophen was achieved.
The process exhibited a high mineralization ratio of 73% and followed pseudo-first-order kinetics.
The Electric Energy per Order (EEO) was found to be 1.272 kWh m⁻³ order⁻¹, indicating good energy efficiency.
Reactive chlorine species (RCS) were identified as the primary agents for AAP degradation.
Acute toxicity of the treated solution was significantly reduced, lowering ecological risk.

Conclusions:

The UV-LED activated electrochemical chlorine system is a highly effective method for acetaminophen degradation and mineralization.
This hybrid process offers a more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional UV mercury lamp systems for micropollutant removal.
The reduction in toxicity highlights the system's potential for practical application in wastewater treatment.