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Multi-omics analyses reveal stone cell distribution pattern in pear fruit.

Xin Gong¹, Kaijie Qi¹, Juanli Chen¹

¹College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology

|December 22, 2022

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Stone cells in pear fruit develop through lignification, primarily near the core. This study reveals key metabolic pathways and a transcription factor, PbbZIP48, regulating this stone cell formation.

Area of Science:

Plant biology
Fruit development
Cell wall biology

Background:

Stone cells (brachysclereids) in pear (Pyrus) fruit are characterized by heavily lignified secondary cell walls.
Their distribution is concentrated near the fruit core, radiating outwards.
Comprehensive characterization of stone cell development and regulatory mechanisms remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the developmental mechanisms of stone cells in pear fruit.
To elucidate the transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic regulation of stone cell formation.
To identify key factors influencing lignification and lignin deposition in stone cells.

Main Methods:

Phenomic analysis of stone cells and associated vascular bundles near the fruit core.

Keywords:

lignin metabolomics pear phenomics proteomics stone cell transcriptomics

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Multi-omics analyses including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.

Identification and functional analysis of key regulatory genes, such as transcription factors.

Main Results:

Significant positive regulation of lignification and lignin deposition processes was observed in stone cells near the fruit core.
Key metabolic pathways, including sucrose metabolism and amino acid biosynthesis (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan), were positively regulated.
Metabolites from the phenylpropanoid pathway were identified as significant contributors to cell wall formation.
A transcription factor, PbbZIP48, was identified as highly expressed near the fruit core and demonstrated a role in regulating lignin biosynthesis.

Conclusions:

The study provides multi-level insights into the formation mechanism of lignified stone cells near the pear fruit core.
PbbZIP48 is identified as a crucial regulator of lignin biosynthesis in pear stone cells.
Understanding these mechanisms can inform strategies for fruit texture modification.