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The Intelligent Attitude: What Is Missing from Intelligence Tests.

Robert J Sternberg1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

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|December 22, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intelligence involves both ability and attitude, with attitude being crucial for applying intelligence effectively. Ignoring this attitudinal aspect explains why some high-ability individuals underutilize their potential, especially for positive outcomes.

Keywords:
abilityattitudecognitive stylecreativitycritical thinkingdispositionintelligenceopennesspersonalitywisdom

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • Traditional theories of intelligence primarily focus on ability-based components.
  • Existing models often overlook the significant role of attitudes in intellectual functioning.
  • This oversight limits our understanding of how intelligence is deployed in real-world contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a more comprehensive model of intelligence that includes an attitudinal component.
  • To explore why individuals with high intellectual ability may not fully utilize their potential.
  • To identify factors contributing to the under-deployment of intelligence, particularly towards beneficial goals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing theories on intelligence, creativity, and wisdom.
  • Conceptual analysis of the attitudinal component of intelligence.
  • Survey of reasons for the under-utilization of intellectual abilities.

Main Results:

  • Intelligence comprises both ability and attitude, with the attitudinal aspect being critically important.
  • A lack of an 'intelligent attitude' is a key reason why high-ability individuals fail to deploy their intelligence fully.
  • This under-deployment is especially noticeable when it comes to achieving positive societal or personal ends.

Conclusions:

  • Reconceptualizing intelligence to include attitude is essential for a complete understanding.
  • Addressing the attitudinal component can help explain and potentially improve the application of intelligence.
  • Future research and interventions should consider fostering an 'intelligent attitude' to enhance the beneficial deployment of cognitive abilities.