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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

Semantic associates create retroactive interference on an independent spatial memory task.

James W Antony¹, Kelly A Bennion¹

¹Department of Psychology and Child Development, California Polytechnic State University.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition

|December 22, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Semantic similarity can cause retroactive interference (RI) in spatial memory. Presenting semantically related words impaired recall, especially when shown shortly before the test, demonstrating cue overload.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Memory Research
Neuroscience

Background:

Semantic similarity between stimuli can induce false memories.
It may also cause retroactive interference (RI) for accurate memories.
The Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm is often used to study false memories.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if semantic similarity can cause retroactive interference in spatial memory.
To examine the role of temporal context and cue overload in this phenomenon.

Main Methods:

Participants learned spatial locations for critical words.
Semantically associated words were presented to participants.
Spatial recall for critical words was tested.

Main Results:

Spatial memory was impaired for critical words with presented semantic associates.
This retroactive interference effect was observed when interference occurred shortly before the test.
The effect diminished with a 1-hour delay or reversed learning phase order.

Conclusions:

Semantic relatedness can directly cause retroactive interference in spatial memory.
Findings support the cue overload theory, where cues are indirectly overloaded by semantic associates.
Both semantic similarity and temporal context are crucial factors in retroactive interference.