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COVID-19 and Pasteurella multocida Pulmonary Coinfection: A Case Series

Ornella Cabras1,2, Jean-Marie Turmel1, Claude Olive3

  • 1Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Martinique, 97200 Fort-de-France, France.

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
|December 22, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study reports three fatal cases of COVID-19 patients coinfected with Pasteurella multocida. This highlights P. multocida as a potentially severe coinfection agent in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Bacterial and fungal coinfections are known complications in COVID-19 patients.
  • Reported coinfecting agents include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Aspergillus.
  • Pasteurella multocida coinfection in COVID-19 has not been previously documented.

Observation:

  • Three cases of Pasteurella multocida coinfection occurred in COVID-19 patients during the fourth wave in Martinique.
  • All three reported cases resulted in fatalities.

Findings:

  • Pasteurella multocida should be recognized as a potentially severe coinfection agent in the context of COVID-19.
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection may compromise the epithelial-endothelial barrier, facilitating Pasteurella infection.
  • SARS-CoV-2-induced immunosuppression and inflammation, potentially exacerbated by corticosteroid use, may contribute to disease severity.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider Pasteurella multocida in the differential diagnosis of severe respiratory infections in COVID-19 patients.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of coinfection is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Pasteurella multocida pathogenesis.
Keywords:
COVID-19 coinfectionPasteurella multocida pulmonary infectionventilator-acquired pneumonia

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