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Time course of learning sequence representations in action imagery practice.

Stephan F Dahm1, Martina Rieger2

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Action imagery practice (AIP) and action execution practice (AEP) both support sequence learning. However, effector-dependent representations are stronger with AEP than AIP, suggesting differences in how motor skills are acquired.

Keywords:
Action imagery practiceIntermanual transferMotor imagery practiceSequence learningSerial reaction time task

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Motor Learning
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Action imagery practice (AIP) and action execution practice (AEP) improve motor performance.
  • Both AIP and AEP lead to effector-independent representations in sequence learning.
  • The acquisition of effector-dependent representations via AIP remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acquisition of effector-independent and effector-dependent representations in both AEP and AIP.
  • To examine sequence learning in an implicit visual serial-reaction-time task.
  • To compare the strength of effector-dependent representations between AIP and AEP.

Main Methods:

  • Participants engaged in either AIP or AEP over six sessions.
  • Implicit sequence learning was assessed using a twelve-element visual serial-reaction-time task.
  • Performance was measured using reaction times for practice and transfer hands across different sequences.

Main Results:

  • Both AIP and AEP demonstrated sequence-unspecific learning and implicit sequence learning.
  • Effector-dependent sequence representations were observed in both groups, but stronger in AEP.
  • Effector-independent representations were observed in AEP but not significantly in AIP.

Conclusions:

  • AIP facilitates sequence-unspecific learning and anticipations of stimuli and responses.
  • Effector-dependent representations are acquired through both AIP and AEP, though more robustly with AEP.
  • Findings highlight differences in representation acquisition between imagery and execution practice.