Increasing Overnight Fluid Intake and Kidney Function During Ramadan Fasting: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Metabolic Studies
• Islamic Practices

Background:

• Ramadan fasting involves abstaining from food and drink from dawn to sunset.
• Fasting can lead to dehydration, potentially increasing serum creatinine and urea levels.
• The renal system's response to Ramadan fasting requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of increased nocturnal fluid intake on serum creatinine and urea levels during Ramadan.
• To assess the effects of Ramadan fasting on kidney function in healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 58 healthy subjects.
• Participants were divided into a hydrated group (2-3 L fluid intake overnight) and a control group.
• Kidney function markers (serum creatinine, urea, eGFR) were measured pre-, during, and post-Ramadan.

Main Results:

• The hydrated group showed significantly lower serum creatinine and urea levels and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) compared to the control group.
• During Ramadan, serum creatinine and urea levels were highest, and eGFR was lowest compared to pre- and post-Ramadan periods.
• All observed differences were statistically significant (P < .05).

Conclusions:

• Ramadan fasting does not cause permanent renal impairment in healthy individuals.
• Adequate hydration during non-fasting hours significantly reduces serum creatinine and urea levels.
• Increasing fluid intake at night is recommended to counteract dehydration during Ramadan fasting and support renal health.