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Chloroquine in human milk.

E I Ette1, E E Essien, J I Ogonor

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Nigeria.

Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|July 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Saliva chloroquine levels can predict milk chloroquine concentrations in lactating women. This finding helps estimate drug exposure for nursing infants, ensuring infant safety during maternal medication use.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Maternal-fetal medicine
  • Analytical chemistry

Background:

  • Chloroquine is an antimalarial drug with potential transfer into breast milk.
  • Accurate assessment of drug levels in breast milk is crucial for infant safety.
  • Saliva offers a non-invasive matrix for drug monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relationship between chloroquine concentrations in milk and saliva.
  • To establish if saliva can be used to estimate milk chloroquine levels.
  • To assess the potential drug exposure for nursing infants.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous collection of milk and saliva samples from five lactating women over seven days.
  • Analysis of chloroquine content using thin-layer chromatography and spectrophotometry.
  • Statistical analysis including regression analysis and Student's t test.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation (r = .93, P < .05) was found between milk and saliva chloroquine levels.
  • The milk:saliva chloroquine concentration ratio was determined to be 0.89 +/- 0.08.
  • No significant differences were observed in pharmacokinetic parameters (Tmax, Cmax, AUC, clearance, half-life) between milk and saliva.

Conclusions:

  • Saliva chloroquine levels can reliably estimate milk chloroquine concentrations.
  • Milk and saliva represent the central compartment for chloroquine distribution.
  • Estimated infant exposure to chloroquine via breast milk is approximately 0.55% of the maternal dose.

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