DSCNN-LSTMs: A Lightweight and Efficient Model for Epilepsy Recognition

Epilepsy is the second most common disease of the nervous system. Because of its high disability rate and the long course of the disease, it is a worldwide medical problem and social public health problem. Therefore, the timely detection and treatment of epilepsy are very important. Currently, medical professionals use their own diagnostic experience to identify seizures by visual inspection of the electroencephalogram (EEG). Not only does it require a lot of time and effort, but the process is also very cumbersome. Machine learning-based methods have recently been proposed for epilepsy detection, which can help clinicians make rapid and correct diagnoses. However, these methods often require extracting the features of EEG signals before using the data. In addition, the selection of features often requires domain knowledge, and feature types also have a significant impact on the performance of the classifier. In this paper, a one-dimensional depthwise separable convolutional neural network and long short-term memory networks (1D DSCNN-LSTMs) model is proposed to identify epileptic seizures by autonomously extracting the features of raw EEG. On the UCI dataset, the performance of the proposed 1D DSCNN-LSTMs model is verified by cross-validation and time complexity comparison. Compared with other previous models, the experimental results show that the highest recognition rates of binary and quintuple classification are 99.57% and 81.30%, respectively. It can be concluded that the 1D DSCNN-LSTMs model proposed in this paper is an effective method to identify seizures based on EEG signals.