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The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Plaque Stability

Qian Lin1, Bin Geng1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100023, China.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a protective role in atherosclerosis by stabilizing plaques. This review explores how H2S influences key cells and mechanisms involved in plaque stability.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of global mortality, driven by plaque rupture leading to thrombotic events.
  • Plaque instability arises from complex factors including foam cell formation, apoptosis, inflammation, and intraplaque hemorrhage.
  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter, is recognized for its protective effects against atherosclerosis development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in modulating plaque stability.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which H2S influences cellular functions within atherosclerotic plaques.
  • To highlight the role of H2S in regulating vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes/macrophages, and T cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating H2S and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of research on H2S modulation of cellular functions in plaque development.
  • Examination of molecular pathways involved in H2S-mediated plaque stability.

Main Results:

  • Endogenous H2S exerts protective effects on atherosclerosis genesis.
  • H2S has been shown to mediate and enhance plaque stability.
  • H2S influences the function of key intraplaque cell populations, including vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes/macrophages, and T cells.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a critical endogenous modulator of atherosclerotic plaque stability.
  • Understanding H2S's molecular mechanisms offers potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Targeting H2S pathways may represent a novel approach to prevent or treat atherosclerosis-related events.

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscystathionine gamma lyasehydrogen sulfideplaque stability

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