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Related Concept Videos

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

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Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

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Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
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Polarity of the Cytoskeleton01:18

Polarity of the Cytoskeleton

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The intrinsic polarity of cells can be primarily attributed to two factors- i) the asymmetric accumulation of mobile components such are regulatory molecules and subcellular components across the cell and ii) the orientation of polar cytoskeletal filaments that make up the cytoskeletal networks, specifically microfilaments, and microtubules arranged along the axis of polarity. Interactions between the cytoskeletal filaments are crucial for the establishment and maintenance of the polar nature...
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Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
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Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
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Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Isolation of Cellular Lipid Droplets: Two Purification Techniques Starting from Yeast Cells and Human Placentas
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Isolation of Cellular Lipid Droplets: Two Purification Techniques Starting from Yeast Cells and Human Placentas

Published on: April 1, 2014

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Lipid Polarization during Cytokinesis.

Govind Kunduri1, Usha Acharya1, Jairaj K Acharya1

  • 1Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

Cells
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cell division relies on precise lipid organization in the plasma membrane. This review explores how specific lipids like sphingolipids and phosphatidylinositols are crucial for cytokinesis, ensuring accurate cell division.

Keywords:
PUFAagingcancercataractceramide phosphoethanolaminecholesterolcortical flowcytokinesisdiseaseendocytic recyclingforward traffickinglipid polarizationlipidslowe syndromemale meiotic cytokinesismembrane bendingmembrane curvaturemembrane trafficmultivesicular bodiesmultivesicular endosomesphosphatidic acidphosphatidyl serinephosphatidylethanolaminephosphatidylinositolphosphatidylinositol phosphatesrab GTPasesphingolipidosessphingolipidssphingomyelintransbilayer couplingtriacylglycerolsvery long chain fatty acidsvery long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

More Related Videos

Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling
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Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling

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Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
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Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Isolation of Cellular Lipid Droplets: Two Purification Techniques Starting from Yeast Cells and Human Placentas
09:41

Isolation of Cellular Lipid Droplets: Two Purification Techniques Starting from Yeast Cells and Human Placentas

Published on: April 1, 2014

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Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling
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Rapid and Robust Analysis of Cellular and Molecular Polarization Induced by Chemokine Signaling

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Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
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Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic plasma membranes feature diverse lipid species with distinct lateral and asymmetric distributions.
  • Lipid organization dynamically alters during cellular processes like division, differentiation, and apoptosis.
  • Cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division, critically depends on spatial lipid organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties of lipids involved in cytokinesis.
  • To discuss mechanisms of lipid polarization during cell division.
  • To highlight differences in lipid requirements between mitotic and meiotic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lipid dynamics and cell division.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including forward trafficking, endocytic recycling, local synthesis, and cortical flow.
  • Focus on sphingolipids and phosphatidylinositols due to their cytoskeletal links.

Main Results:

  • Specific lipids are essential for successful cytokinesis.
  • Mechanisms like trafficking, recycling, synthesis, and flow contribute to lipid polarization.
  • Sphingolipids and phosphatidylinositols play critical roles, potentially regulated by the cytoskeleton.

Conclusions:

  • Lipid spatial distribution and organization are fundamental to cytokinesis.
  • Understanding lipid dynamics provides insights into cell division regulation.
  • Further research into sphingolipid and phosphatidylinositol roles can elucidate cytokinesis mechanisms.