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Ciliated Cells in Ovarian Cancer Decrease with Increasing Tumor Grade and Disease Progression.

Michael T Richardson1, Maria Sol Recouvreux1, Beth Y Karlan1,2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Cells
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ciliated cell markers, associated with better survival in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), are less frequent in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and its metastases. Their presence decreases with increasing tumor grade and spread.

Keywords:
CAPSFOXJ1ciliated cellsclear cellendometrioidfallopian tubemucinousovarian cancersecretory cellsserous

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Ciliated cell markers in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) correlate with improved patient survival.
  • Understanding the distribution of ciliated cells across EOC subtypes and stages is crucial for prognostic insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns of ciliated cell markers (FOXJ1 and CAPS) in normal tissues and various EOC histologies and stages.
  • To determine if the presence of ciliated cells differs between primary HGSOC and its metastases.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence were employed to detect FOXJ1 and CAPS expression.
  • Tissue microarrays encompassing normal tissues, benign/borderline tumors, low-grade, and high-grade EOC (HGSOC) were analyzed.
  • mRNA expression data from independent cohorts were used to validate protein expression findings.

Main Results:

  • Ciliated cell markers were prevalent in normal tissues, benign/borderline tumors, and low-grade EOC, but significantly reduced in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) (<40%).
  • Mucinous EOC showed fewer ciliated cells, and marker expression decreased with increasing tumor grade.
  • In HGSOC, ciliated cell markers were less frequent in metastases (24-26%) compared to primary tumors (52%), with lower CAPS mRNA levels in metastases.

Conclusions:

  • The reduced presence of ciliated cells in HGSOC and their diminished frequency in metastases suggest a potential role in tumor progression and spread.
  • Findings highlight a gradient of ciliated cell marker expression from normal tissue through low-grade to high-grade EOC, with a notable decrease in metastatic sites.