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Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
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Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53

Published on: August 4, 2019

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p53 Modulates Radiosensitivity in Head and Neck Cancers-From Classic to Future Horizons

Camil Ciprian Mireștean1,2, Roxana Irina Iancu3,4, Dragoș Petru Teodor Iancu5,6

  • 1Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The p53 pathway is crucial for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment resistance. Targeting p53 and related pathways may improve HNSCC therapy outcomes and patient survival.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents challenges in treatment response and recurrence.
  • The p53 tumor suppressor gene's role in cancer treatment resistance has been studied for three decades.
  • Advances in molecular genetics illuminate p53 pathway regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) and p53 functional restoration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted role of p53 in HNSCC, focusing on treatment resistance and therapeutic strategies.
  • To investigate how p53 status influences response to multimodal therapy and recurrence rates in HNSCC.
  • To identify novel therapeutic targets within the p53 pathway for improving HNSCC treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on p53 function, dysfunction, and therapeutic targeting in HNSCC.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms involving p53, including miRNA regulation and gain/loss of function.
  • Exploration of p53's potential role in radiotherapy response, abscopal effects, and tumor metabolism (Warburg effect).

Main Results:

  • p53 status in primary tumors versus metastases may guide therapeutic targeting for abscopal effects.
  • p53 can influence radiotherapy fractionation strategies.
  • Modulating p53-related pathways, including tumor metabolism, could alter HNSCC radiosensitivity and chemo-sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Restoring p53 function, particularly in HPV-negative HNSCC, offers a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Targeting p53 pathways presents opportunities to overcome treatment resistance and enhance efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in HNSCC.
  • p53's intricate involvement in HNSCC necessitates further research for optimized cancer treatment strategies.
Keywords:
HNSCChead and neck cancersp53radioresistanceradiosensitivityradiotherapy

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