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Lifestyle Risk Factors for Overweight/Obesity in Spanish Children

María L Miguel-Berges1,2,3,4, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo1,2,3,4, Alicia Larruy-García1,2,3

  • 1Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity risk factors in Spanish children include high sweetened beverage and screen time consumption. Protective factors involve dairy intake, nut consumption, adequate sleep, and positive emotional well-being.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health Nutrition
  • Childhood Obesity Research

Background:

  • Childhood obesity presents a significant public health challenge in Europe.
  • Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lifestyle-related risk factors for overweight and obesity in Spanish children aged 3-12 years.
  • To inform targeted interventions for promoting healthy lifestyles in school settings.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 1075 children (3-12 years) from the 'Alimentando el Cambio' project.
  • Objective measurements of height and weight, alongside parental questionnaires on lifestyle behaviors.
  • Statistical analysis to determine associations between lifestyle factors and Body Mass Index (BMI) z-scores.

Main Results:

  • Positive associations found between sweetened beverage intake, total screen time, and BMI z-score.
  • Negative associations observed between dairy product consumption and BMI z-score in girls.
  • Protective effects identified for nut consumption (girls 6-12y), adequate weekday sleep, and positive emotional well-being (girls 6-12y).

Conclusions:

  • Sweetened beverages and excessive screen time are significant risk factors for childhood obesity.
  • Dietary factors (dairy, nuts), sleep duration, and emotional well-being play important roles in weight management.
  • Interventions should address these identified factors to combat childhood obesity effectively.

Keywords:
childhood obesityhealthy lifestylesrisk factors

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