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Genetic Variants and Protective Immunity against SARS-CoV-2

Ali A Rabaan1,2,3, Abbas Al Mutair4,5,6,7, Mohammed Aljeldah8

  • 1Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia.

Genes
|December 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This review explores host genetic factors influencing COVID-19 severity. Understanding these genetic variations is crucial for predicting susceptibility and developing targeted interventions against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Area of Science:

  • * Genetics and Immunology
  • * Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology

Background:

  • * The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to significant global mortality and morbidity.
  • * Co-morbidities like hypertension and diabetes worsen COVID-19 outcomes.
  • * Understanding host genetic factors is key to explaining differential susceptibility and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review host genetic components influencing COVID-19 pathogenesis.
  • * To identify genetic variations affecting viral entry, immune response, and disease severity.
  • * To provide an updated overview of genetic factors impacting SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature review of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS).
  • * Analysis of genetic variations associated with immune response and viral pathogenesis.
  • * Synthesis of current research on host genetic predispositions to COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • * Host genetic factors play a significant role in COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
  • * Imbalances in immune response, influenced by genetics, affect viral resistance.
  • * Specific genetic variations are linked to different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusions:

  • * Host genetics are critical determinants of COVID-19 outcomes.
  • * Further research into genetic variations can inform personalized risk assessment.
  • * Identifying genetic factors aids in understanding SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and developing interventions.

Keywords:
COVID-19Genetic resistancecoronavirusesprotective immunity

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