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Contrast Agents during Pregnancy: Pros and Cons When Really Needed.

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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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PubMed
Summary

This review examines the safety of various contrast agents used in radiological imaging for pregnant patients. It provides data on maternal and fetal effects to guide clinical practice during diagnostic examinations.

Keywords:
computerized tomographycontrast mediaionizing radiationmagnetic resonance imagingpositron emission tomographypregnantradiodiagnosticultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Radiological diagnostic exams are crucial for many clinical conditions.
  • Contrast agents are frequently used in imaging modalities like CT, PET, MR, and US.
  • Assessing maternal and fetal safety is paramount when pregnant patients require contrast-enhanced imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review available data on contrast agents used in radiological examinations for pregnant patients.
  • To evaluate the effects of common contrast media on both maternal and fetal health.
  • To clarify clinical practices for performing radiodiagnostic examinations with contrast agents in pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing data on contrast agent safety in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of effects for iodinated contrast agents, gadolinium, fluorodeoxyglucose, gastrographin, barium sulfate, and nanobubbles.
  • Synthesis of information to guide clinical decision-making.

Main Results:

  • Data on the maternal and fetal effects of specific contrast agents are presented.
  • Commonly used agents include iodinated contrast, gadolinium, and fluorodeoxyglucose.
  • Nanobubbles for contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) are also discussed.

Conclusions:

  • This review consolidates information on contrast agent safety in pregnant patients.
  • It aims to support evidence-based clinical decisions for necessary radiodiagnostic procedures.
  • Guidelines are proposed to ensure optimal maternal and fetal outcomes.