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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Delivery of Modified mRNA in a Myocardial Infarction Mouse Model
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Modified mRNA Therapeutics for Heart Diseases.

Ajit Magadum1

  • 1Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Modified mRNA (modRNA) offers a novel, safe, and effective gene therapy for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This transient approach promotes cardiac repair and cardiomyocyte survival, addressing unmet clinical needs in heart disease treatment.

Keywords:
apoptosiscardiomyocyte proliferationcardiovascular diseasegene therapyheart failureinflammationmodRNAmyocardial infarctionoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading global cause of death, with existing treatments offering limited efficacy.
  • Conventional gene therapy approaches for heart disease face challenges including poor gene expression, immunogenicity, and genomic integration risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging therapeutic potential of synthetic modified mRNA (modRNA) for treating cardiovascular diseases.
  • To highlight the advantages of modRNA over traditional gene therapy methods for cardiac applications.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of modRNA as a transient, non-integrating, and non-immunogenic delivery system for cardiac gene therapy.
  • Analysis of modRNA's pulse-like expression kinetics and its impact on cardiomyocyte function and survival.

Main Results:

  • modRNA demonstrates transient, stable, and controlled gene expression in cardiac tissue.
  • It promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation, survival, and inhibits apoptosis, leading to cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction.
  • Cell-specific modRNA translation enables targeted therapeutic effects for heart diseases.

Conclusions:

  • modRNA represents a promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases due to its safety, efficacy, and controlled gene expression.
  • Its unique characteristics make it an attractive alternative to conventional gene therapies for various cardiac conditions.