Simulation of Far-Field Light Distribution of Micro-LED Based on Its Structural Parameters

To clarify how micro-LED far-field light distributions differ from Lambertian distributions owing to small-sized-structure effects, the light distribution of a micro-LED was simulated via the ray-tracing method in this study. Specifically, considering material absorption, far-field light distribution, and light-output efficiency, we studied micro-LEDs as a function of size. We found that the light distribution is the most uniform and the efficiency is the highest when the size is the smallest under certain conditions. Under other conditions, with increasing sapphire size, the luminous efficiency first increases and then decreases. The luminous efficiency is the highest when the thickness is 30 µm. Under certain other conditions, as the diameter of the micro-sphere structure on the sapphire increases, the luminous efficiency first increases and then decreases.