Progress in C-C and C-Heteroatom Bonds Construction Using Alcohols as Acyl Precursors

Acyl moiety is a common structural unit in organic molecules, thus acylation methods have been widely explored to construct various functional compounds. While the traditional Friedel-Crafts acylation processes work to allow viable construction of arylketones under harsh acid conditions, recent progress on developing acylation methods focused on the new reactivity discovery by exploiting versatile and easily accessible acylating reagents. Of them, alcohols are cheap, have low toxicity, and are naturally abundant feedstocks; thus, they were recently used as ideal acyl precursors in molecule synthesis for ketones, esters, amides, etc. In this review, we display and discuss recent advances in employing alcohols as unusual acyl sources to form C-C and C-heteroatom bonds, with emphasis on the substrate scope, limitations, and mechanism.