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Unidirectional mode selection in bistable quantum cascade ring lasers.

Sara Kacmoli, Deborah L Sivco, Claire F Gmachl

|December 23, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a quantum cascade ring laser with controllable unidirectional operation. Spontaneous emission injection dynamically switches between clockwise and counterclockwise modes, enabling novel light detection and outcoupling mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Quantum Cascade Lasers
Integrated Photonics

Background:

Ring resonators ideally exhibit counter-propagating modes, but achieving unidirectional operation in practice is challenging.
Unidirectional operation is crucial for many photonic applications, including lasers and modulators.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and fabricate a monolithic quantum cascade ring laser with robust, deterministic, and controllable unidirectional operation.
To investigate the mechanism of dynamical switching between different operational modes.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a monolithic quantum cascade ring laser coupled to an active waveguide.
Utilizing spontaneous emission injection through the active waveguide to control laser dynamics.
Modulating the electrical input to induce switching between clockwise and counterclockwise states.

Main Results:

Achieved robust, deterministic, and controllable unidirectional operation in the quantum cascade ring laser.
Demonstrated dynamical switching between clockwise and counterclockwise states with minimal electrical input modulation (1.6%).
Identified the switching mechanism as a perturbation in the bistable dynamics of the ring laser.

Conclusions:

The developed quantum cascade ring laser enables efficient and controllable unidirectional operation.
The novel coupler design provides efficient light outcoupling and detection capabilities.
This work offers a new pathway for advanced integrated photonic devices.