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Design of Reservoirs Enabling Stress-Induced Sequential Release Systems.

Osamah Altabal1,2, Christian Wischke1, Andreas Lendlein1,2

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Mechanical stress can trigger compound release from polymer substrates. Geometric design of cavities and brittle coatings enables controlled, on-demand release upon stretching, showing potential for medical applications.

Keywords:
multifunctionalon-demand releasepolymersequential releasestress concentration

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Mechanical stress is a known trigger for releasing compounds from enclosed compartments.
  • Understanding how geometric design influences stress concentration is key for controlled release systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if geometric design of cavities in elastic polymer substrates can enable pre-defined compound release via stress concentration.
  • To explore the relationship between cavity geometry, stress concentration, and triggered release.

Main Methods:

  • Computational modeling to assess stress concentrations based on cut-out shapes, orientations, and depths.
  • Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates with various cut-out geometries using photolithography.
  • Coating PDMS substrates with poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) and applying uniaxial stretching to induce compound release.

Main Results:

  • Local strains systematically increased at different cut-out shapes (rectangular, circular, rhombus) under horizontal stretching, as predicted by models.
  • Controlled release of model compounds was achieved upon continuous uniaxial stretching, confirming the breakage of the brittle coating.
  • The study demonstrated a direct correlation between substrate design and triggered release functionality.

Conclusions:

  • The geometric design of cavities within elastic substrates, coupled with brittle coatings, allows for predictable, stress-induced compound release.
  • This proof-of-concept highlights the interplay between device design and function, paving the way for on-demand dosage applications in technology and medicine.