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Circulating Marangoni flows within droplets in smectic films.

E S Pikina1,2,3, M A Shishkin2,4, K S Kolegov2,5

  • 1Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics of the RAS, 142432, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia.

Physical Review. E
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzes Marangoni convection in ellipsoidal droplets within free-standing smectic films (FSSFs). Thermocapillary flows are predicted even at low Marangoni numbers due to interface curvature, with implications for fluid dynamics in liquid crystal films.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Marangoni convection is crucial in fluid systems with surface tension gradients.
  • Free-standing smectic films (FSSFs) offer a unique platform to study interfacial phenomena.
  • Ellipsoidal droplets in FSSFs present complex geometries for convective flow analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically study and numerically simulate Marangoni convection in ellipsoidal isotropic droplets within FSSFs.
  • To analyze thermocapillary flows in both spontaneously formed droplets and deposited oil lenses.
  • To investigate the impact of asymmetric boundary conditions on convective patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical derivation of stationary solutions for Stokes stream functions.
  • Perturbation theory for temperature distribution analysis.
  • Numerical hydrodynamic calculations of thermocapillary motion.

Main Results:

  • Analytical solutions for stationary thermocapillary convection were obtained for various droplet ellipticities and material properties.
  • Both analytical and numerical methods predict axially symmetric circulatory convection driven by the Marangoni effect.
  • Thermocapillary convection is possible even for arbitrarily small Marangoni numbers due to interface curvature.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a comprehensive understanding of Marangoni convection in ellipsoidal droplets within FSSFs.
  • Asymmetric boundary conditions, with a free upper interface and persisting smectic layers at the lower interface, significantly influence fluid motion.
  • Proposed experimental observations can validate the theoretical predictions for thermocapillary convection in these systems.