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A High-Sensitivity Dual-Axis Accelerometer with Two FP Cavities Assembled on Single Optical Fiber.

Bolun Zheng1,2, Hanjie Liu1, Zhen Pan1

  • 1National Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A novel dual-axis fiber optic accelerometer uses a Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity to measure acceleration along X and Y axes. This sensor offers high sensitivity and immunity to electromagnetic interference.

Keywords:
2DFabry–Pérotaccelerometerhigh sensitivityoptical fiber sensorprism

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Fiber Optics Sensing
  • Inertial Measurement

Background:

  • Traditional accelerometers face limitations like electromagnetic interference and bulky designs.
  • Fiber optic sensors offer advantages such as immunity to EMI, small size, and remote sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel dual-axis fiber optic accelerometer based on the Fabry-Pérot (FP) interference principle.
  • To evaluate the performance characteristics, including sensitivity, cross-axis sensitivity, and angular error, of the developed sensor.

Main Methods:

  • A dual-axis FP accelerometer was constructed using a single optical fiber, a beam-splitting prism, and a vibration-sensitive Beryllium-Copper (Be-Cu) spring with a proof mass.
  • Two perpendicular FP cavities were formed by a semi-permeable film on the prism and a reflective sheet on the spring.
  • Vibration signals caused changes in cavity lengths, which were detected via optical interference, bandpass filtering, and demodulation to obtain dual-axis acceleration measurements.

Main Results:

  • The dual-axis fiber optic accelerometer exhibited a resonant frequency of approximately 280 Hz.
  • Sensitivities of 3.93 μm/g (X-axis) and 4.19 μm/g (Y-axis) were achieved.
  • Cross-axis sensitivity was measured to be below 5.1%, and the maximum error within a 180° angle range was less than 3.77%.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed fiber optic dual-axis FP accelerometer demonstrates high sensitivity, excellent immunity to electromagnetic interference, and potential for miniaturization and mass production.
  • The flexible FP construction method offers significant development potential for advanced inertial sensing applications.