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Gender differences in the relationship between hostility and the type A behavior pattern.

B S McCann1, R L Woolfolk, P M Lehrer

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine.

Journal of Personality Assessment
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
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Type A behavior is multidimensional, with different facets relating to anger and hostility. Gender influences how Type A traits manifest, particularly concerning emotionality and aggression.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Type A behavior pattern (TABP) is associated with cardiovascular disease.
  • Previous research suggests TABP is a unidimensional construct.
  • The multidimensionality of TABP requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factor structure of Type A personality.
  • To examine the relationship between Type A measures and anger/hostility dimensions.
  • To explore gender differences in Type A expression and its relation to anger.

Main Methods:

  • 97 males and 111 females completed Jenkins Activity Survey, Framingham Type A Scale, Adjective Checklist Type A Scale, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Factor analysis was used to identify underlying dimensions.
  • Correlational analyses examined relationships between Type A measures and anger/hostility subscales.

    • Main Results:

    • Factor analysis revealed three dimensions: Anger-Emotionality, Anger-Aggression, and Residual Pattern A.
    • All Type A measures loaded highly on the Type A factor, with Jenkins Activity Survey highest.
    • Women scored higher on Anger-Emotionality and specific hostility subscales, while men showed different correlations between Type A and hostility.

    Conclusions:

    • Type A behavior is a multidimensional construct, not unidimensional.
    • Specific Type A measures relate differently to anger and hostility dimensions.
    • Gender moderates the expression of Type A behavior and its association with anger and hostility.