Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

10.6K

Measles Virus-Induced Host Immunity and Mechanisms of Viral Evasion

Lucia Amurri1, Olivier Reynard1, Denis Gerlier2

  • 1Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Team Immunobiology of Viral infections, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.

Viruses
|December 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Measles virus (MeV) evades immune responses by inhibiting interferon pathways and surprisingly activates DNA sensing pathways. MeV infection also causes immune amnesia, weakening existing immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Measles virus (MeV) is a re-emerging pathogen despite vaccine availability.
  • MeV employs sophisticated mechanisms to evade host immune responses, particularly the innate immune system.
  • Understanding MeV's immune evasion strategies is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the complex interactions between MeV and the host innate immune system.
  • To investigate novel innate immune responses against MeV, including DNA sensing pathways.
  • To understand the phenomenon of MeV-induced immune amnesia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on MeV-host immune interactions.
  • Analysis of viral mechanisms targeting cellular sensors and interferon pathways.
  • Examination of the cGAS/STING axis activation in MeV infection.
  • Investigation of MeV's tropism for immune cells.

Main Results:

  • MeV antagonizes innate immunity by inhibiting interferon induction.
  • MeV activates DNA sensing pathways (cGAS/STING) independently of viral DNA.
  • MeV targets invariant T-cells and memory B and T-cells, leading to immune amnesia.

Conclusions:

  • MeV exhibits multifaceted immune evasion strategies, including interferon inhibition and unexpected DNA sensing pathway activation.
  • MeV-induced immune amnesia compromises pre-existing immunity, increasing susceptibility to other infections.
  • Further research into MeV's immune interactions is vital for developing effective control strategies.
Keywords:
DNA sensingMeasles virusRNA viruscGAS/STINGimmune amnesiaimmune evasioninnate immunityinterferonsensorssignaling

More Related Videos

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus11:28

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

11.1K
Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.6K

Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
877
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
81
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
45.1K
Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
63.0K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
2.8K
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
5.2K