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Insights from the Infection Cycle of VSV-ΔG-Spike Virus
Elad Milrot1, Shlomi Lazar2, Ofir Schuster1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute of Biological Research (IIBR), Ness-Ziona 74100, Israel.
Viruses
|December 23, 2022
Summary
This study visualizes the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate VSV-S infection in cells. It reveals how the virus creates viral factories (VF) and replicates its genetic material within cellular structures.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Microscopy
Background:
- Viral replication occurs in specialized cellular sites called viral factories (VF).
- Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (VSV-S) is a vaccine candidate.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the infection cycle of VSV-S in Vero E6 cells.
- To provide detailed 3D imaging of VSV-S replication processes.
Main Methods:
- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tomography
- Immuno-labeling techniques
- RT-real-time-PCR
Main Results:
- VSV-S generates viral factories (VF) within multi-lamellar bodies 10-24 hours post-infection.
- Viral RNA synthesis begins 3-4 hours post-infection.
- Viral proteins and dsRNA accumulate in the cytoplasm, distinct from ER membranes.
Conclusions:
- VSV-S infection involves the formation of VF in cytoplasmic multi-lamellar bodies.
- Virus particles mature within VF, concentrate in vacuoles, and are released via plasma membrane fusion.
- Detailed 3D imaging elucidates key VSV-S infection mechanisms.
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