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The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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E-cadherin-dependent coordinated epithelial rotation on a two-dimensional discoidal pattern.

Shuangyu Luo1, Kanji Furuya1,2, Kimiya Matsuda1,3

  • 1Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Genes to Cells : Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms
|December 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

E-cadherin is crucial for coordinated cell rotation in confined 2D environments. Loss of this cell-adhesion molecule disrupts collective migration, reducing speed and increasing defects.

Keywords:
2D cultureE-cadherinMDCK IIcell-cell adhesioncollective cell migrationrotation

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Collective cell migration is vital in development and disease.
  • Epithelial rotation is a unique form of collective migration observed in confined 2D cultures.
  • The role of E-cadherin in this specific migratory behavior remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of E-cadherin to coordinated epithelial rotation in 2D confined environments.
  • To compare the migratory dynamics of wild-type and E-cadherin-deficient cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells expressing or lacking E-cadherin.
  • Cultured cells on fibronectin-coated discoidal patterns under controlled 2D confinement.
  • Tracked and analyzed cell migration patterns, speed, coordination, and topological defects.

Main Results:

  • Wild-type MDCK II cells showed persistent, coordinated rotations.
  • E-cadherin knockout cells exhibited less coordinated migration and lacked large-scale rotation.
  • Loss of E-cadherin led to decreased migration speed, reduced coordination regularity, and increased topological defects.

Conclusions:

  • E-cadherin is essential for the spontaneous initiation of collective epithelial rotations in 2D discoidal confinements.
  • Intercellular adhesion mediated by E-cadherin plays a critical role in regulating collective cell migration dynamics.