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Related Concept Videos

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs01:17

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs

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The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract01:31

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The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Overview of Pulmonary Circulation01:19

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The pulmonary circulation is a vital system in our body that acts as a bridge between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It serves as a transport network for deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and then returns oxygen-rich blood back to the heart.
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The Respiratory System01:16

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The respiratory system is comprised of the organs that enable breathing. Air enters the nostrils and mouth, followed by the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box), which lead to the trachea (windpipe). In the thoracic cavity, the trachea splits into two bronchi that allow air to enter the lungs. The bronchi split into progressively smaller bronchioles and terminate in small groups of tiny sacs in the lungs called alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
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Generation of Human 3D Lung Tissue Cultures 3D-LTCs for Disease Modeling
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[The lungs: starting point for many diseases].

Rebecca Hasseli1, Henning Gall1, Manuel J Richter2

  • 1Medizinische Klinik II, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen, Mitglied des Deutschen Zentrums für Lungenforschung (DZL), Klinikstr. 32, 35392, Gießen, Deutschland.

Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)
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Summary

This review highlights three systemic diseases that initially present with lung issues. Early detection of pulmonary manifestations is key for diagnosing these multiorgan disorders.

Keywords:
Histiocytosis, Langerhans cellPulmonary arterial hypertensionPulmonary fibrosisSarcoidosisScleroderma, systemic

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Systemic Diseases
  • Immunology

Context:

  • The lungs are a common site for systemic, neoplastic, and immunological multiorgan diseases.
  • Patients often present with respiratory symptoms like dyspnea.
  • Pulmonary manifestations can be an early indicator of underlying systemic conditions.

Purpose:

  • To review three systemic diseases that manifest primarily in the lungs.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing pulmonary involvement in diagnosing systemic disorders.

Summary:

  • Systemic diseases frequently affect the lungs, presenting with symptoms such as dyspnea.
  • Initial diagnosis often involves lung function testing and imaging.
  • Confirming a systemic disease requires integrating clinical findings, pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations, and further diagnostics.

Impact:

  • Improves understanding of how systemic diseases affect the respiratory system.
  • Aids clinicians in diagnosing complex cases with primary pulmonary symptoms.
  • Enhances early detection and management of systemic multiorgan diseases.