Possible origin of synovial lining cell hyperplasia in rheumatoid arthritis

A perplexing feature of rheumatoid arthritis is the increase in the number of synovial lining cells with no mitotic activity. This feature has been investigated in the rabbit model. Rabbits with the established condition were injected into the affected joint with tritiated thymidine and killed either up to 24 hours later, or at 3 or 7 days. The location of labelled cells, detected by autoradiography, showed the label predominantly in the stroma in the former, and mainly in the lining cells in the latter, indicating that the lining cells were derived by recruitment from active cells deep in the stroma.