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Accurately determining beam deflection and slope under various loading conditions in structural engineering is crucial for ensuring safety and structural integrity. Singularity functions offer a streamlined approach to analyzing beams, especially when multiple loading functions complicate the bending moment equation.
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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Metasurfaces
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Catenary structures possess unique phase control properties beneficial for optical manipulation.
    • Metasurfaces offer advanced capabilities for controlling light wavefronts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate an optical waveform conversion device utilizing fiber-integrated catenary ring-array metasurfaces.
    • To achieve beam shaping from Gaussian beam (GB) to Bessel beam using the proposed device.

    Main Methods:

    • Integration of a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a graded-index fiber (GIF) in a cascade structure.
    • Introduction of two types of catenary ring-array metasurfaces at the GIF end for beam shaping.
    • Control of output beam characteristics (focused or non-diffracting Bessel beam) via incident light's circular polarization state.

    Main Results:

    • Successful conversion of Gaussian beams into Bessel beams.
    • Selective generation of focused or non-diffracting Bessel beams based on polarization control.
    • Observation of Bessel beams potentially breaking the diffraction limit under specific device parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed optical device effectively performs waveform conversion using catenary metasurfaces.
    • The device demonstrates potential for generating sub-diffraction-limit Bessel beams.
    • This technology holds promise for applications in optical imaging, communication, and trapping.