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Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
Dietary and lifestyle associations with microbiome diversity
Katherine M Watson1, Kyla N Siemens1, Sudarshan Anand2
1Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Mail Code: L223A, Portland, OR, US.
Background:
Microbial dysbiosis has been closely linked with colorectal cancer development. However, data is limited regarding the relationship of the mucosal microbiome, adenomatous polyps and dietary habits. Understanding these associations may elucidate pathways for risk stratification according to diet.
Results:
Patients undergoing screening colonoscopy were included in our prospective, single center study and divided into adenoma or no adenoma cohorts. Oral, fecal, and mucosal samples were obtained. Microbial DNA was extracted, and amplicon libraries generated using primers for the 16S rRNA gene V4 region. Patient and dietary information was collected. Of 104 participants, 44% presented with polyps, which were predominantly tubular adenomas (87%). Adenoma formation and multiple patient dietary and lifestyle characteristics were associated with mucosal microbiome diversity. Lifestyle factors included age, body mass index, adenoma number, and dietary consumption of red meats, processed meats, vegetables, fruit, grain, fermented foods and alcohol.
Conclusion:
In this study we showed associations between dietary habits, adenoma formation and the mucosal microbiome. These early findings suggest that ongoing research into diet modification may help reduce adenoma formation and subsequently the development of CRC.
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