Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula in an infant mimicking an arteriovenous malformation

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Kiril Magaletsky Kharachko1, Marta Feito Rodríguez1, Nelson M Buitrago Sánchez2

  • 1Dermatology Department, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Pediatric Dermatology
|December 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

A 12-month-old infant developed leg swelling and redness, initially resembling a vascular malformation. Computed tomography revealed an iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula (AVF), highlighting unique diagnostic challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are abnormal connections between arteries and veins.
  • Iatrogenic AVFs can occur as a complication of medical procedures.
  • Distinguishing iatrogenic AVFs from congenital vascular anomalies is crucial for appropriate management.

Observation:

  • A 12-month-old infant presented with progressive lower limb enlargement and erythema.
  • Clinical presentation mimicked congenital arteriovenous malformations.
  • Computed tomography imaging was essential for diagnosis.

Findings:

  • Computed tomography confirmed an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the deep femoral artery and common femoral vein.
  • The AVF was determined to be iatrogenic in origin.
  • Unique imaging characteristics differentiated this iatrogenic AVF from congenital vascular entities.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering iatrogenic causes for vascular abnormalities in infants.
  • Accurate imaging is critical for diagnosing iatrogenic AVFs.
  • Understanding the distinct features of iatrogenic AVFs aids in differentiating them from congenital conditions, guiding treatment strategies.

Keywords:
Parkes-Weberarteriovenous fistulaarteriovenous malformationsiatrogenic fistulalimb enlargementvascular malformations

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